This PR aims to be a followup of:

• let CMakeMake easyblock also set Python_EXECUTABLE option, as well as Python3_EXECUTABLE and Python2_EXECUTABLE derivatives (when appropriate) #3463

by modularizing not only the getting of the CMake options for Python but all of them.
The idea is to allow other easyblocks inheriting from CMakeMake to get the same options as in the base easyblock without having to call the configure method first.

An example usecase where this would be useful is the new LLVM easyblock:

• enhance LLVM easyblock for compilation of clang/flang + other llvm-projects #3373

where due to the complex logic across stages of compilation it is handy to have all the options in a dict instead of working with self.cfg and configopts.
This still cannot be achieved by just storing the options in a class variable as in #3463 as other options needs to be set beside the base one before running CMake

The only minor distinction in the new function is the setting of BUILD_SHARED_LIBS which should not alter the behavior of CMakeMake as options already set in configopts will take precedence over those in options (

Manually tested with:

• GROMACS-2023.3-foss-2023a.eb
• btllib-1.7.0-GCC-12.3.0.eb
• CVXPY-1.4.2-foss-2023a.eb
• FlexiBLAS-3.3.1-GCC-12.3.0.eb
• fmt-10.0.0-GCCcore-12.3.0.eb
• googletest-1.13.0-GCCcore-12.3.0.eb